Bible Dictionary

Millet

Agriculture & Daily Life • Old Testament
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Millet was a small grain cultivated in the ancient Near East. It could be used as food, mixed into bread, or fed to animals, and was one ingredient in Ezekiel’s symbolic bread.

Definition

Millet is a small grain cultivated in the East. Its seed may be used for food, ground into flour, mixed with other cereals for bread, or used as fodder. The biblical term refers certainly to common millet and may include related grains such as sorghum.

Biblical Usage

Millet was one of the ingredients in the bread Ezekiel was commanded to prepare symbolically.

Historical Background

Common millet and related grains were cultivated in ancient Egypt. They could mature without rain and were important breadstuffs, especially among the poor.

Scripture References

Related Figures

Historical Bible Dictionaries

Easton's Bible Dictionary
(Heb. dohan; only in Ezek. 4:9), a small grain, the produce of the Panicum miliaceum of botanists. It is universally cultivated in the East as one of the smaller corn-grasses. This seed is the cenchros of the Greeks. It is called in India warree, and by the Arabs dukhan, and is extensively used for food, being often mixed with other grain. In this country it is only used for feeding birds.
Smith's Bible Dictionary
a kind of grain. A number os species are cultivated in the East. When green it is used as fodder, and for bread when ripe. (Ezekiel 4:9) It is probable that both the Sorghum vulgare and that Panicum miliaceum were used, and the Hebrew dochan may denote either of these plants.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (ISBE)
<p>mil'-et, mil'-it (dochan; kegchros): One of the ingredients of the prophet's bread (Eze 4:9). The Arabic equivalent is dukhn, the common millet, Panicum miliaceum, an annual grass 3 or 4 ft. high with a much-branched nodding panicle. Its seeds arc as small as mustard seeds and are used largely for feeding small birds, but are sometimes ground to flour and mixed with other cereals for making bread. The Italian millet, setaria Italica, known as Bengal grass, is also called in Arabic dukhn, and has a similar seed. A somewhat similar grain, much more widely cultivated as a summer crop, is the Indian millet--also called "Egyptian maize"--the Sorghum annuum. This is known as dhurah in Arabic, and the seed as dhurah beida, "white dourra." It is a very important crop, as it, like the common millet, grows and matures without any rain. It is an important breadstuff among the poor.</p><p>Both the common millet and the dourra were cultivated in Egypt in very ancient times; the Hebrew dochan was certainly the first, but may include all three varieties.</p><p>E. W. G. Masterman</p>
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