Bible Figure
Annas
Annas was a former high priest who remained extraordinarily influential within the Jerusalem priestly establishment. He was the father-in-law of Caiaphas and appears in both Jesus' Passion narrative and the early opposition to Peter and John.
Biography
Annas had served as high priest earlier in the Roman period, but members of his family continued to dominate the office. Luke 3 names Annas and Caiaphas together when dating the beginning of John the Baptist's ministry, reflecting Annas' continuing prestige even though Caiaphas held the formal office. John 18 says that after Jesus' arrest He was taken first to Annas because Annas was Caiaphas' father-in-law. Annas questioned Jesus about His disciples and teaching before sending Him bound to Caiaphas. Acts 4 later names Annas the high priest along with Caiaphas, John, Alexander, and others of the high-priestly family when Peter and John were examined after the Temple healing.
Biblical Significance
Annas helps explain the family and institutional power structure behind the priestly opposition to Jesus and the apostles. His continued influence after leaving formal office shows why New Testament references can speak of Annas and Caiaphas together in high-priestly contexts.