Origins of Israel’s Scriptures — Historical Setting

Division of Israel and Judah

Traditionally c. 930 BC
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After Solomon, the biblical kingdom divided into the northern Kingdom of Israel and the southern Kingdom of Judah.

Full Account

According to 1 Kings, tensions over taxation, labor, tribal identity, and royal authority led the northern tribes to reject Rehoboam and recognize Jeroboam. The northern kingdom retained the name Israel and established royal sanctuaries, while Judah continued under the Davidic dynasty in Jerusalem. The two kingdoms developed distinct political and religious histories and were sometimes allies and sometimes enemies. Prophets addressed both societies, and traditions from the north and south were later preserved together in the Hebrew Bible.

Historical Significance

The division helps explain the Bible's different regional traditions, prophetic ministries, political viewpoints, and continuing concern with the reunification of Israel.

People, Places and Sources