Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt

Shabaka

Regnal Name: Neferkare

  Third Intermediate Period   25th Dynasty (Kushite) c. 705-690 BC

Shabaka consolidated Kushite control over Egypt and ruled as a pharaoh of the 25th Dynasty. His reign strengthened the reunification begun by Piye and supported a revival of traditional Egyptian religious, artistic, and architectural forms.

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Shebitku

Regnal Name: Djedkare

  Third Intermediate Period   25th Dynasty (Kushite) c. 714-705 BC

Shebitku was a Kushite pharaoh of the 25th Dynasty who ruled Egypt during the growing confrontation between the Nile Valley kingdoms and the expanding Assyrian Empire. His reign helped preserve Kushite control before the better-documented rule of Taharqa.

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Taharqa

Regnal Name: Khunefertumre

  Third Intermediate Period   25th Dynasty (Kushite) 690-664 BC

Taharqa was a powerful Kushite pharaoh of the 25th Dynasty who ruled Egypt and Kush during the era of Assyrian expansion.

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Tantamani

Regnal Name: Bakare

  Third Intermediate Period   25th Dynasty (Kushite) c. 664-653 BC

Tantamani was the final Kushite pharaoh to attempt effective rule over Egypt. After briefly recovering Memphis and Upper Egypt, he was defeated by Assyrian forces, bringing the 25th Dynasty's control of Egypt to an end.

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Psamtik I

Regnal Name: Wahibre

  Late Period   26th Dynasty (Saite) 664-610 BC

Psamtik I founded Egypt's 26th Dynasty and gradually reunited the country after the withdrawal of Assyrian power. Ruling from Sais, he restored political stability, encouraged trade, and inaugurated a significant revival of traditional Egyptian culture.

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Necho II

Regnal Name: Wehemibre

  Late Period   26th Dynasty (Saite) 610-595 BC

Necho II was a 26th-Dynasty pharaoh who pursued Egyptian power in the Levant during the decline of Assyria and the rise of Babylon.

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Psamtik II

Regnal Name: Neferibre

  Late Period   26th Dynasty (Saite) 595-589 BC

Psamtik II ruled Egypt briefly during the 26th Dynasty and is particularly remembered for a major military expedition into Nubia. His reign continued the Saite dynasty's efforts to strengthen Egypt while confronting changing political conditions beyond its borders.

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Apries

Regnal Name: Haaibre

  Late Period   26th Dynasty (Saite) 589-570 BC

Apries, known to the Greeks by that name and in Egyptian sources as Wahibre, ruled during the final decades of the kingdom of Judah and the early Babylonian period.

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Amasis II

Regnal Name: Khnemibre

  Late Period   26th Dynasty (Saite) 570-526 BC

Amasis II presided over one of the most prosperous periods of Egypt's 26th Dynasty, encouraging commerce and extensive contacts with the Greek world. Despite Egypt's prosperity, his reign ended with the rapidly expanding Persian Empire posing an increasingly…

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Psamtik III

Regnal Name: Ankhkaenre

  Late Period   26th Dynasty (Saite) 526-525 BC

Psamtik III was the final pharaoh of Egypt's 26th Dynasty and ruled for only a short time. In 525 BC his forces were defeated by the Persian king Cambyses II, bringing independent Saite rule to an end and…

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Cambyses II

Regnal Name: Mesutire

  First Persian Period   27th Dynasty (First Persian) 525-522 BC

Cambyses II conquered Egypt in 525 BC and became the first Persian ruler recognized as pharaoh of the 27th Dynasty. His victory over Psamtik III incorporated Egypt into the vast Achaemenid Persian Empire.

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Darius I

Regnal Name: Stutre

  First Persian Period   27th Dynasty (First Persian) 522-486 BC

Darius I, the great Achaemenid Persian king, ruled Egypt as pharaoh after the Persian conquest and reorganized the empire administratively.

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